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Archaeology and
African Diasporas in the New World

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A Lengthy, Yet Non-Exhaustive Bibliography

Use the "word search" or "find" function of your internet browser to search for particular subjects, such as Cuba, Igbo, or Caribbean.
Adams, E. (1994). Religion and Freedom: Artifacts Indicate that African Culture Persisted Even in Slavery. African-American Archaeology 11: 1-2.

Adams, N. P. (2007). The "Cymbee" Water Spirits of St. John's Berkeley. African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter June 2007.

Agbe-Davies, A. S. (2004a). Up in Smoke: Pipe-making, Smoking, and Bacon's Rebellion, Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

Agbe-Davies, A. S. (2004b). The Production and Consumption of Smoking Pipes along the Tobacco Coast. In Rafferty, S., and Mann, R. (eds.), Smoking Culture: The Archaeology of Tobacco Pipes in Eastern North America, University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville, pp. 273-304.

Agbe-Davies, A. S. (2007). Practicing African American Archaeology in the Atlantic World. In Archaeology of Atlantic Africa and the African Diaspora, A. Ogundiran and T. Falola, eds. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN, pp. 413-425.

Agorsah, E. K. (ed.). (1994). Maroon Heritage. University of the West Indies Press.

Agorsah, E. K. (2007). Scars of Brutality: Archaeology of the Maroons in the Caribbean. In Archaeology of Atlantic Africa and the African Diaspora, A. Ogundiran and T. Falola, eds. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN.

Alexander, J. (2001). Islam, Archaeology and Slavery in Africa. World Archaeology 33(1): 44-60.

Allen, R. M. (2007). Di ki manera? A Social History of Afro-Curaçaoans, 1863-1917. SWP Publishers, Amsterdam.

Anthony, C. (1976). The Big House and the Slave Quarters, Part I: Prelude to New World Architecture. Landscape 21 (1): 8-19.

Armstrong, D. (1990). The Old Village and the Great House. University of Illinois Press, Urbana, Illinois.

Armstrong, D. (2000). Settlement Patterns and the Origins of African Jamaican Society: Seville Plantation, St. Ann's Bay, Jamaica. Ethnohistory 47(2): 369-394.

Armstrong, D. (2003). Creole Transformation from Slavery to Freedom: Historical Archaeology of the East End Community, St. John, Virgin Island. University Press of Florida.

Armstrong, D. (2008). Excavating African American heritage: Towards a More Nuanced Understanding of the African Diaspora. Historical Archaeology 42(2): 123-137.

Ascher, R. and C. Fairbanks. (1971). Excavation of a Slave Cabin: Georgia, U.S.A. Historical Archaeology 5: 3-17.

Babson, D. W. (1987). Plantation Ideology and the Archaeology of Racism: Evidence from the Tanner Road Site 38BK416), Berkeley County, South Carolina. South Carolina Antiquities 19(1&2): 35-48.

Babson, D. W. (1990). The Archaeology of Racism and Ethnicity on Southern Plantations. Historical Archaeology 24(4): 20-28.

Bacon, A. M., and Herron, L. (1896). Conjuring and Conjure-Doctors in the Southern United States. Journal of American Folklore 9: 143-47.

Balandier, G. (1968). Daily Life in the Kingdom of the Kongo: From the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century. George Allen & Unwin, Ltd., London; translated from the French by Weaver, H.

Balandier, G., and Maquet, J. (1974). Dictionary of Black African Civilization. Leon Amiel, New York.

Barile, K. S., and Brandon, J. C. (eds.) (2004). Household Chores and Household Choices: Theorizing the Domestic Sphere in Historical Archaeology, University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa.

Battle-Baptiste, W. (2007). "In this here place": Interpreting Enslaved Homeplaces. In Ogundiran, A., and Falola, T. (eds.), Archaeology of Atlantic Africa and the African Diaspora, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, pp. 233-248.

Benjamin, R. P. (2007). The Development of the International Slavery Museum. African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter Dec. 2007.

Bennett, H. (2003). Africans in Colonial Mexico: Absolutism, Christianity, and Afro-Creole Consciousness, 1570-1640. Blacks in the Diaspora Series. Indiana University Press, Bloomington.

Barrett, L. (1977). African Religion in the Americas: The "Islands in Between." In Booth, N. S., Jr. (ed.), African Religions: A Symposium. NOK Publishers, New York, pp. 183-215.

Battle-Baptiste, W. (2007). "In This Here Place": Interpreting Enslaved Homeplaces. In Archaeology of Atlantic Africa and the African Diaspora, A. Ogundiran and T. Falola, eds. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN.

Beaudry, M. C. (2008). Not presentism but Honesty: Symposium and Lecture Series at Boston University Commemorates the 200th Anniversary of the Ending of the US-Atlantic Slave Trade. African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter, June. http://www.diaspora.uiuc.edu/news0608/news0608.html#7, accessed 4 September 2009.

Beaudry, M. C., and E. P. Berkland (2007). Archaeology of the African Meeting House on Nantucket. In Archaeology of Atlantic Africa and the African Diaspora, A. Ogundiran and T. Falola, eds. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN.

Bergad, L. W. (2007). The Comparative Histories of Slavery in Brazil, Cuba, and the United States, Cambridge University Press, New York.

Berlin, I. (1996). From Creole to African: Atlantic Creoles and the Origins of African-American Society in Mainland North America. William & Mary Quarterly (3d series) 53(2): 251-288.

Berlin, I. (1998). Many Thousands Gone: The First Two Centuries of Slavery in North America. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Berlin, I. (2003). Generations of Captivity: A History of African-American Slaves, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.

Berlin, I., and Morgan, P. D. (1993). Labor and the Shaping of Slave Life in the Americas. In Berlin, I., and Morgan, P. D. (eds.), Cultivation and Culture: Labor and the Shaping of Black Life in the Americas, University Press of Virginia, Charlottesville, pp. 1-45.

Berlin, I., and P. Morgan. (eds.) (1993). Cultivation and Culture: Labor and the Shaping of Slave Life in the Americas. University Press of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.

Blakey, M. L. (2001). Bioarchaeology of the African Diaspora in the Americas: Its Origin and Scope. Annual Review of Anthropology 30: 387-422.

Blakey, M. L. (2004). Theory: An Ethical Epistemology of Publicly Engaged Biocultural Research. In Blakey, M. L., and Rankin-Hill, L. M. (eds.), New York African Burial Ground Skeletal Biology Final Report, Volume I, Howard University, Washington, DC, pp. 98-115.

Blakey, M. L., and Rankin-Hill, L. M. (eds.) (2006). New York African Burial Ground Skeletal Biology Final Report, Volume I, Howard University, Washington, DC.

Blassingame, J. W. (1972). The Slave Community: Plantation Life in the Antebellum South. Oxford University Press, New York.

Blight, D. W. (ed.) (2004). Passages to Freedom: The Underground Railroad in History and Memory, Smithsonian Books, Washington, DC.

Blouet, H. (2007). Grave Site Identification on St. John, Virgin Islands: The Use of Grave Markers and Commemorative Space during the Danish Colonial Period. African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter Dec. 2007.

Bograd, M. D. and Singleton, T. A. (1997). The Interpretation of Slavery: Mount Vernon, Monticello, and Colonial Williamsburg. In Jameson, J. H., Jr. (ed.), Presenting Archaeology to the Public: Digging for Truths. Alta Mira Press, Walnut Creek, California.

Bowen, J. (1996). Foodways in the 18th-century Chesapeake. In Reinhart, T. R. (ed.), The Archaeology of 18th-Century Virginia, Spectrum Press, Richmond, VA, pp. 87-130.

Bower, A. (ed.) (2007). African American Foodways: Exploration of History and Culture, University of Illinois Press, Urbana.

Brandon, J. C. (2008). Disparate Diasporas and Vindicationist Archaeologies: Some Comments on Excavating America's Metaphor. Historical Archaeology 42(2): 147-151.

Brown, K. L. (1994). Material Culture and Community Structure: The Slave and Tenant Community at Levi Jordan's Plantation, 1848-1892. In Hudson, L. E., Jr. (ed.), Working Toward Freedom: Slave Society and Domestic Economy in the American South. University of Rochester Press, Rochester, New York, pp. 95-118.

Brown, K. L. (2001). Interwoven Traditions: Archaeology of the Conjurer's Cabins and the African American Cemetery at the Jordan and Frogmore Plantations. Paper presented at the Conference entitled: Places of Cultural Memory: African Reflections on the American Landscape, Atlanta, Georgia.

Brown, K. L. (2004). Ethnographic Analogy, Archaeology, and the African Diaspora: Perspectives from a Tenant Community. Historical Archaeology 38(1): 79-89.

Brown, K. L., and Cooper, D. C. (1990). Structural Continuity in an African-American Slave and Tenant Community. Historical Archaeology 24(4): 7-19.

Brown, K. M. (1976). The "Veve" of Haitian Vodou: A Structural Analysis of Visual Imagery. Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Temple University, UMI, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Brown, K. N., and Brown, K. L. (1998). Archaeology and Spirituality: The Conjurer/Midwife and the Praise House/Church at the Levi Jordan Plantation. Paper presented at the Society for Historical Archaeology Annual Conference, Atlanta, Georgia, January, 1998.

Brown, V. (2008). The Reaper's Garden: Death and Power in the World of Atlantic Slavery, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.

Browne, K. E. (2004). Creole Economics: Caribbean Cunning Under the French Flag. University of Texas Press, Austin, Texas.

Bullen, A. K. and R. P. Bullen. (1945). Black Lucy's Garden. Bulletin of Massachusetts Archaeological Society 6: 17-28.

Butler, J. (1990). Awash in a Sea of Faith: Christianizing the American People. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Byrd, A. X. (2006). Eboe, Country, Nation, and Gustavus Vassa's "Interesting Narrative." William and Mary Quarterly (3d ser.) 63: 123-148.

Cabak, M. A., and M. D. Groover (2004). Plantations without Pillars: Archaeology, Wealth and Material Life at Bush Hill. (Volume I). Savannah River Archaeological Research Program, South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology: University of South Carolina.

Cabak, M. A., Groover, M. D., and Wagers, S. J. (1995). Health Care and the Wayman A.M.E. Church. Historical Archaeology 29(2): 55-76.

Camp, S. (2004). Closer to Freedom: Enslaved Women and Everyday Resistance in the Plantation South, University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.

Carney, J. A. (1998). The Role of African Rice and Slaves in the History of Rice Cultivation in the Americas. Human Ecology 26(4): 525-545.

Carretta, V. (2005). Equiano, the African: Biography of a Self-Made Man, University of Georgia Press, Athens.

Carson, C., N. Barka, W. M. Kelso, G. W. Stone, and D. Upton. (1981). Impermanent Architecture in the Southern American Colonies. Winterthur Porfolio 16(2/3): 135-196.

Carvalho, A. V. (2007). Archeological Perspectives of Palmares: A Maroon Settlement in 17th century Brazil. African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter March 2007.

Chambers, D. B. (2005). Murder at Montpelier: Igbo Africans in Virginia. University Press of Mississippi, Jackson, MS.

Chan, A. A. (2007a). Bringing the Out Kitchen In? The Experiential Landscapes of Black and White New England. In Archaeology of Atlantic Africa and the African Diaspora, A. Ogundiran and T. Falola, eds. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN.

Chan, A. A. (2007b). Slavery in the Age of Reason: Archaeology at a New England Farm, University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville.

Cochran, M. D., L. Kraus, and M. P. Leone (2007). Wye House Archaeology. African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter Sept. 2007.

Cohen, A. P. (ed.) (2000). Signifying Identities: Anthropological Perspectives on Boundaries and Contested Values. Routledge, London.

Combes, J. D. (1974). Ethnography, Archaeology and Burial Practices among Coastal South Carolina Blacks. Conference on Historic Sites Archaeology-1972 7: 52-61.

Coplin, J., and C. Matthews (2007). The Archaeology of Captivity and Freedom at Joseph Lloyd Manor. African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter Dec. 2007.

Corruccini, R., J. Handler, R. Mutaw, and F. Lange. (1982). Osteology of a Slave Burial Population from Barbados, West Indies. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 59: 443-459.

Corzo, G. L. R. (2003). Runaway Slave Settlements in Cuba: Resistance and Repression. Translated by M. Todd. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.

Coughtry, J. (1981). The Notorious Triangle: Rhode Island and the African Slave Trade, 1700-1807, Temple University Press, Philadelphia, PA.

Cox, B. (2007). The Archaeology of the Allensworth Hotel: Negotiating the System in Jim Crow America. African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter Sept. 2007.

Crader, D. C. (1984). The Zooarchaeology of the Storehouse and the Dry Well at Monticello. American Antiquity 49: 542-558.

Crader, D. C. (1990). Slave Diet at Monticello. American Antiquity 55(4): 690-717.

Crane, B. (1993). Colono Wares and Criollo Ware Pottery from Charleston, South Carolina and San Juan, Puerto Rico in Comparative Perspective, Ph.D. dissertation, Department of American Civilization, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.

Creel, M. W. (1988). A Peculiar People: Slave Religion and Community Culture among the Gullahs. New York University Press, New York.

Crist, T. A., Roberts, D. G., Pitts, R. H., McCarthy, J. P., and Parrington, M. (1997). The First African Baptist Church Cemeteries: African-American Mortality and Trauma in Antebellum Philadelphia. In Poirier, D. A., and Bellantoni, N. F. (eds.), In Remembrance: Archaeology and Death, Bergin & Garvey, Westport, CT, pp. 19-49.

Curet, L., S. Dawdy, and G. Corzo, eds. (2005). Dialogues in Cuban Archaeology. University Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa.

Curtin, P. D. (1969). The Atlantic Slave Trade: A Census. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison.

Curto, J. C., and Soulodre-La France, R. (eds.) (2005). Africa and the Americas: Interconnections during the Slave Trade. Africa World Press, Asmara and Trenton, NJ.

Cuthrell-Curry, M. (2000). African-derived Religion in the African-American Community in the United States. In Olupona, J. K. (ed.), African Spirituality: Forms, Meanings, and Expressions. Crossroad Publishing, New York, pp. 450-466.

Davidson, J. M., E. Roberts, and C. Rooney (2006). 2006 Excavations at Kingsley Plantation, Florida. African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter Sept. 2006.

Davis, D. (2006). Inhuman Bondage: The Rise and Fall of Slavery in the New World. Oxford University Press, New York.

Dawdy, S. L. (2008). Building the Devil's Empire: French Colonial New Orleans, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

Deagan, K., and MacMahon, D. (1995). Fort Mose: Colonial America's Black Fortress of Freedom. University Press of Florida.

DeCorse, C. R. (1999). Oceans Apart: Africanist Perspective on Diaspora Archaeology. In Singleton, T. A. (ed.), "I, Too, Am America:" Archaeological Studies of African-American Life. University Press of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, pp. 132-155.

Deetz, J. (1976). Black Settlement at Plymouth. Archaeology 29: 207.

Deetz, J. (1993). Flowerdew Hundred: The Archaeology of a Virginia Plantation, 1619-1864. University Press of Virginia, Charlottesville.

Deetz, J. (1995). Cultural Dimensions of Ethnicity in the Archaeological Record. Keynote Address presented at the 28th Annual Meeting of the Society for Historical Archaeology, Washington, D.C., January, 1995.

Deetz, J. (1996). In Small Things Forgotten: An Archaeology of Early American Life. Anchor Books, New York.

Deetz, K. (2006). Gender and Resistance at North Bend Plantation. African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter March 2006.

Delle, J. A. (1999). The Landscape of Class Negotiation on Coffee Plantations in the Blue Mountains of Jamaica: 1790-1850. Historical Archaeology 33(1):136-158.

Delle, J. A. (2008). A Tale of Two Tunnels: Memory, Archaeology, and the Underground Railroad. Journal of Social Archaeology 8: 63-93.

Delle, J. A., and Levine, M. A. (2004). Excavations at the Thaddeus Stevens/Lydia Hamilton Smith Site, Lancaster, PA: Archaeological Evidence for the Underground Railroad? Northeast Historical Archaeology 33: 131-152.

Delle, J. A., Mrozowski, S. A., and Paynter R. (eds.) (2000) Lines that Divide: Historical Archaeologies of Race, Class, and Gender. University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville.

Delle, J. A., and Shellenhamer, J. (2008). Archaeology at the Parvin Homestead: Searching for the Material Legacy of the Underground Railroad. Historical Archaeology 42(2): 38-62.

Denbow, J. (1999). Heart and Soul: Glimpses of Ideology and Cosmology in the Iconography of Tombstones from the Loango Coast of Central America. Journal of American Folklore 112(445): 404-423.

DeWolf, T. N. (2008). Inheriting the Trade: A Northern Family Confronts Its Legacy as the Largest Slave-Trading Dynasty in U.S. History, Beacon Press, Boston, MA.

Deyle, S. (2006). Carry Me Back: The Domestic Slave Trade in American Life, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.

Diouf, S. A. (2007). Dreams of Africa in Alabama: The Story of the 'Clotilda' and the Last Enslaved Africans brought to America, Oxford University Press, New York.

Dixon, K. J. (2006). Archaeology of the Boston Saloon, Virginia City, Nevada. African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter June 2006.

Drucker, L. M. (1981). Socio-Economic Patterning at an Undocumented Late 18th Century Low Country Site: Spiers Landing, South Carolina. Historical Archaeology 12(2): 58-69.

DuBois, L. (2004). A Colony of Citizens: Revolution and Slave Emancipation in the French Caribbean, 1787-1804. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.

Dunaway, W. (2003a). Slavery in the American Mountain South. Cambridge University Press, New York.

Dunaway, W. A. (2003b). The African-American Family in Slavery and Emancipation, Cambridge University Press, New York.

Edwards-Ingram, Y. (1999). The Recent Archaeology of Enslaved Africans and African Americans. In Egan, G., and Michael, R. (eds.), Old and New Worlds, Oxbow Books, Oxford, UK, pp. 153-164.

Edwards-Ingram, Y. (2005). Medicating Slavery: Motherhood, Health Care, and Cultural Practices in the African Diaspora. Ph.D. Dissertation, American Studies Doctoral Program, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia.

Eltis, D. (2000). The Rise of African Slavery in the Americas. Cambridge University Press.

Eltis, D. (2001). The Volume and Structure of the Transatlantic Slave Trade: A Reassessment. William & Mary Quarterly (3d series) 58 (1): 17-46.

Eltis, D., and Halbert, M. (eds.) (2008). Voyages: Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database. http://www.slavevoyages.org/.

Eltis, D., and Richardson, D. (2008). A New Assessment of the Transatlantic Slave Trade. In Eltis, D., and Richardson, D. (eds.), Extending the Frontiers: Essays on the New Transatlantic Slave Trade Database, Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, pp. 1-60.

Ely, M. P. (2004). Israel on the Appomattox: A Southern Experiment in Black Freedom from the 1790s through the Civil War, Knopf, New York.

Emerson, M. C. (1999). African Inspirations in a New World Art and Artifact: Decorated Tobacco Pipes from the Chesapeake. In Singleton, T. A. (ed.), "I, Too, Am America": Archaeological Studies of African-American Life, University Press of Virginia, Charlottesville, pp. 47-82.

Epperson, T. W. (1990). Race and the Disciplines of the Plantation. Historical Archaeology 24(4): 29-36.

Epperson, T. W. (2001). "A Separate House for the Christian Slaves, One for the Negro Slaves": The Archaeology of Race and Identity in late 17th-century Virginia. In Orser, C. E., Jr. (ed.), Race, Material Culture, and the Archaeology of Identity, University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, pp. 71-87.

Epperson, T. W. (2004). Critical Race Theory and the Archaeology of the African Diaspora. Historical Archaeology 38(1): 101-108.

Espenshade, C. (2007a). A River of Doubt: Marked Colonoware, Underwater Sampling, and Questions of Inference. African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter March 2007.

Espenshade, C. (2007b). Building on Joseph's Model of Market-Bound Colonoware Pottery. African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter Sept. 2007.

Espenshade, C., and Kennedy, L. (2002). Recognizing Individual Potters in Nineteenth-century Colonoware. North American Archaeologist 23: 209-240.

Fabian, J. (1985). Religious Pluralism: An Ethnographic Approach. In van Binsbergen, W., and Schoffleers, M. (eds.), Theoretical Explorations in African Religion. KPI Limited, London, pp. 138-163.

Fairbanks, C. (1962). A Colono-Indian Ware Milk Pitcher. Florida Anthropologist 15(4).

Fairbanks, C. (1974). The Kingsley Slave Cabins in Duvall County, Florida, 1968. Conference on Historic Site Archaeology Papers 7: 62-93.

Fairbanks, C. (1976). Spaniards, Planters, Ships and Slaves: Historical Archaeology in Florida and Georgia. Archaeology 29: 164-172.

Fairbanks, C. (1977). Backyard Archaeology as a Research Strategy. Conference on Historic Sites Archaeology Papers 11: 133-139.

Fairbanks, C. (1984). The Plantation Archaeology of the Southeastern Coast. Historical Archaeology 18(1): 1-15.

Falola, T., and M. Childs, eds. (2005). The Yoruba Diaspora in the Atlantic World. University Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa.

Farrow, A., Lang, J., and Frank, J. (2005). Complicity: How the North Promoted, Prolonged, and Profited from Slavery, Ballantine Books, New York.

Fennell, C. C. (2000). Conjuring Boundaries: Inferring Past Identities from Religious Artifacts. International Journal of Historical Archaeology 4(4): 281-313.

Fennell, C. C. (2003a). Group Identity, Individual Creativity and, Symbolic Generation in a BaKongo Diaspora. International Journal of Historical Archaeology 7(1): 1-31.

Fennell, C. C. (2003b). Consuming Mosaics: Mass-Produced Goods and Contours of Choice in the Upper Potomac Region. Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Virginia. UMI, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Fennell, C. C. (2007a). Crossroads and Cosmologies: Diasporas and Ethnogenesis in the New World. University Press of Florida, Gainesville.

Fennell, C. C. (2007b). BaKongo Identity and Symbolic Expressions in the Americas. In Archaeology of Atlantic Africa and the African Diaspora, A. Ogundiran and T. Falola, eds. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN.

Fennell, C. C. (2007c). Multivalent Symbols of an Enclosing Hand. African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter Dec. 2007.

Fennell, C. C., ed. (2008). African Diaspora Archaeology. Society for Historical Archaeology Publiscations, Tucson, AZ.

Fennell, C. C. (2009). Combating Attempts of Elision: African American Accomplishments at New Philadelphia, Illinois. In Intangible Heritage Embodied, ed. D. Fairchild Ruggles and Helaine Silverman, Springer Press, New York, pp. 147-68.

Fennell, C. C. (2010). Archaeological Investigations and LiDAR Aerial Survey in Edgefield, South Carolina. African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter, December.

Fennell, C. C. (2010). Damaging Detours: Routes, Racism and New Philadelphia. In "New Philadelphia: Racism, Community, and the Illinois Frontier," thematic issue, Historical Archaeology 44(1): 138-54.

Fennell, C. C., ed. (2010). New Philadelphia: Racism, Community, and the Illinois Frontier. Historical Archaeology 44(1) (co-edited with Terrance J. Martin and Paul A. Shackel).

Fennell, C. C. (2011). Early African America: Archaeological Studies of Significance and Diversity. Journal of Archaeological Research 19(1): 1-49.

Ferguson, L. G. (1980). Looking for the Afro in Colono-Indian Pottery. In Archaeological Perspectives on Ethnicity in America. R. L. Schuyler, ed. New York: Baywood Press, pp. 14-28.

Ferguson, L. G. (1985). Struggling with Pots in Colonial South Carolina. Paper presented at the 18th Annual Society for Historical Archaeology Conference, Boston.

Ferguson, L. G. (1989). Lowcountry Plantations, the Catawba Nation and River Burnished Pottery. In Studies in South Carolina Archaeology, Essays in Honor of Robert L. Stephenson, Albert C. Goodyear III and Glen T. Hanson eds. Anthropological Studies 9, Occasional Papers of the South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of South Carolina.

Ferguson, L. G. (1992). Uncommon Ground: Archaeology and Early African America. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.

Ferguson, L. G. (1998). Early African-American Pottery in South Carolina: A Complicated Plainware. Paper presented at the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Seattle, Washington, March 25, 1998.

Ferguson, L. G. (1999). "The Cross is a Magic Sign:" Marks on Eighteenth-century Bowls from South Carolina. In Singleton, T. A. (ed.), "I, Too, Am America:" Archaeological Studies of African-American Life. University Press of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, pp. 116-131.

Ferguson, L. (2007a). Comments on Espenshade's A River of Doubt: Marked Colonoware, Underwater Sampling, and Questions of Inference. African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter March 2007.

Ferguson, L. G. (2007b). Early African-American Pottery in South Carolina: A Complicated Plainware. African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter June 2007.

Fesler, G. (2004). Living Arrangements among Enslaved Women and Men at an Early-eighteenth-century Virginia Quartering Site. In Galle, J. E., and Young, A. L. (eds.), Engendering African American Archaeology: A Southern Perspective, University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville, pp. 177-235.

Fields-Black, E. L. (2008). "Deep Roots": Rice Farmers in West Africa and the African Diaspora, Indiana University Press, Bloomington.

Fitts, R. F. (1996). The Landscapes of Northern Bondage. Historical Archaeology 30(2): 54-73.

Ford, J. A.(1937). An Archaeological Report on the Elizafield Ruins. In Georgia's Disputed Ruins. E. Merton Coulter, ed. Chapel Hill: Unversity of North Carolina Press, pp. 193-205.

Franklin, M. (1997a). Out of Site, Out of Mind: The Archaeology of an Enslaved Virginian Household, ca. 1740-1778. Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley. UMI, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Franklin, M. (1997b). "Power to the People": Sociopolitics and the Archaeology of Black Americans. In McDavid, C., and Babson, D. W. (eds.), In the Realm of Politics: Prospects for Public Participation in African-American and Plantation Archaeology, Historical Archaeology 31(3): 36-50.

Franklin, M. (2001a). A Black Feminist-inspired Archaeology? Journal of Social Archaeology 1: 108-125.

Franklin, M. (2001b). The Archaeological and Symbolic Dimensions of Soul Food: Race, Culture, and Afro-Virginian Identity. In Orser, C. E., Jr. (ed.), Race, Material Culture, and the Archaeology of Identity, University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, pp. 88-107.

Franklin, M., and Fesler, G. (1999). The Exploration of Ethnicity and the Historical Archaeological Record. In Franklin, M., and Fesler, G. (eds.), Historical Archaeology, Identity Formation, and the Interpretation of Ethnicity. Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, Williamsburg, Virginia, pp. 1-10.

Franklin, M., and McKee, L. (2004). African Diaspora Archaeologies: Present Insights and Expanding Discourses. Historical Archaeology 38(1): 1-9.

Frazier, E. F. (1966a). The Negro Church: The Negro in America, Academic Press, New York.

Frazier, E. F. (1966b). The Negro Family in the United States, Academic Press, Chicago.

Frost, K. S. (2007). "I've Got a Home in Glory Land:" A Lost Tale of the Underground Railroad. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York.

Funari, P. P. (2007). The Archaeological Study of the African Diaspora in Brazil. In Archaeology of Atlantic Africa and the African Diaspora, A. Ogundiran and T. Falola, eds. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN.

Galke, L. J. (2000a). Did the Gods of Africa Die? A Re-examination of a Carroll House Crystal Assemblage. North American Archaeologist 21(1): 19-33.

Galke, L. J. (2000b). "Free within Ourselves:" African American Landscapes at Manassas Battlefield Park. In Clarence R. Geier and Stephen R. Potter (eds.), Archaeological Perspectives on the Civil War. University Press of Florida, Gainesville, pp. 253-269.

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